Scheduled Tribes in India have been victims of exclusion and marginalisation. Recognising their special needs and interests, Constitution of India provides various safeguards to protect their rights. Legislation for institutional reform provides a legal framework to strengthen self-governance among tribes. Government continues to implement several special Tribal Development Programmes to help improve their conditions. Economies of tribes depend on agriculture or hunting and gathering forest produce. Tribes trade with outsiders for the few necessities they lack, such as salt, cooking utensils, iron, etc. Their life-preserving forests have been invaded by modern civilisation. Their identity was intact before intrusion of modern civilisation and urban economic developments. Nearly 68 million Tribals lived in India according to the 1991 census, but number has now reduced substantially as forests reduced and their dependence on forest resources minimised. Economic and modern lifestyles forced them to come out to get mixed with modern generation but did not get proper attention and respect for their culture so most of them still live below poverty line. Most tribes' communities originated from Dravidian and still speak Dravidian languages. This book will advance reader’s knowledge and understanding of challenging issues of Tribes.
Introduction — Resource Development in Tribal Areas — Antiquity to Modernity in Tribal India — Poverty, Unemployment and Inequalities in Tribal India — Tribal Development in India: Programmes and Perspectives — Tribal Development in 21st Century — Bibliography — Index
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